藏在《聪明的投资者》里的Skill

Skill.md

聪明的投资者

本杰明·格雷厄姆在《聪明的投资者》（原书名《The Intelligent Investor》）中提出了一套可执行的判断框架。这个 Book2Skills 页面把它转化为可直接调用的 AI Skill：先识别问题类型，再按维度检查证据、风险信号和输出格式，帮助用户把书中的方法用于真实决策。

核心框架

• 适用场景：投资, 价值投资, 安全边际, 资产配置
• 输入方式：给出你要判断的对象、目标、约束和已有数据。
• 输出方式：Skill 会按书中方法生成诊断、检查清单、风险信号和下一步建议。

支持的问题类型

• 诊断一个真实案例是否符合书中原则。
• 比较多个方案并给出取舍理由。
• 找出风险、反模式或缺失信息。
• 把抽象原则转成可执行步骤。

完整 Skill 指令

以下保留完整 Skill 指令，供 agent 调用时使用。

# The Intelligent Investor — Skill (Benjamin Graham)

**Knowledge source:** *The Intelligent Investor* by Benjamin Graham, revised edition with commentary by Jason Zweig.
**Architecture:** Orchestrator + 7 subskills. This file routes the user query; subskills execute the actual Graham workflows.

```text
intelligent-investor-graham/
├── SKILL.md
├── quotes/
│   ├── market-philosophy-quotes.md
│   └── value-investing-quotes.md
└── subskills/
    ├── m1_investment_vs_speculation/
    │   ├── module.md
    │   └── references/case_library.md
    ├── m2_defensive_stock_screen/
    │   ├── module.md
    │   └── references/case_library.md
    ├── m3_margin_of_safety_pricing/
    │   ├── module.md
    │   └── references/case_library.md
    ├── m4_market_fluctuation_response/
    │   ├── module.md
    │   └── references/case_library.md
    ├── m5_portfolio_policy/
    │   ├── module.md
    │   └── references/case_library.md
    ├── m6_fund_adviser_ipo_review/
    │   ├── module.md
    │   └── references/case_library.md
    └── m7_enterprising_bargain_hunt/
        ├── module.md
        └── references/case_library.md

Skill Purpose

Use this skill to apply Graham's value-investing discipline to practical investor decisions: distinguishing investment from speculation, screening defensive stocks, estimating margin of safety, responding to market swings, setting portfolio policy, evaluating funds or advisers, and searching for enterprising-investor bargains.

This is not a market-forecasting, momentum-trading, tax-planning, or personalized financial-advice skill. Its job is to force businesslike analysis, conservative arithmetic, and temperament discipline before any action is labeled an investment.

When to Use This Skill

Invoke this skill when the user asks questions such as:

• "Is this stock worth buying under Graham's rules?"
• "Is this an investment or speculation?"
• "Does this company pass the defensive investor checklist?"
• "What price gives enough margin of safety?"
• "The stock or market dropped. Should I sell?"
• "How should I split my portfolio between stocks and bonds?"
• "Should I buy this fund, adviser product, IPO, SPAC, or hot growth story?"
• "How would Graham look for bargain stocks?"

CITATION RULES

Every substantive Graham-method claim must cite the original-text quote files when a module produces a final answer.

Quote files:

• quotes/value-investing-quotes.md — investment definition, margin of safety, Mr. Market, defensive allocation, price discipline, Graham's core principles.
• quotes/market-philosophy-quotes.md — market pendulum, earnings skepticism, IPO warnings, index funds, adviser conflicts, net-current-asset bargains, simplicity, historical humility.

Citation format:

"Author's exact words here."

— The Intelligent Investor, cited excerpt

Anchor mapping:

• value-investing-quotes.md: #buffett-endorses-graham, #investment-vs-speculation, #margin-of-safety, #mr-market, #mr-market-servant, #defensive-portfolio-split, #price-matters-more, #graham-core-principles, #the-future-value-depends-on-price, #no-need-for-extraordinary
• market-philosophy-quotes.md: #market-is-a-pendulum, #earnings-can-be-manipulated, #avoid-ipos, #index-funds-best, #advisers-misaligned, #net-current-asset-bargains, #simplicity-beats-cleverness, #santayana-warning

Rules:

• Read the routed module's references/case_library.md for the relevant quote IDs.
• Include at least one citation per major section in substantive answers.
• Use only exact quotes from the quote files. Do not invent quotation text.
• If no exact quote fits, cite the closest anchor and state that the reasoning is a paraphrased Graham application.

Workflow Inventory

Routing Rules

Execution Rules

1. Read only the modules required by the routing table.
2. Run M1 first whenever the user proposes a purchase, trade, or speculative product.
3. Run M2 before calling a stock suitable for a defensive investor.
4. Run M3 before giving any buy-price, cheap/expensive, add, reduce, or margin-of-safety conclusion.
5. Run M4 for market-move questions; do not treat price movement itself as proof of risk or opportunity.
6. If required data is missing, state the missing fields and give a provisional analysis rather than fabricating figures.
7. Do not run every module for a narrow question.

Multi-Module Output Format

## Graham Analysis — [Security / Decision]

**Question type:** [Buy / sell / allocation / fund / speculation / bargain search]
**Investor posture:** Defensive / Enterprising / Unknown
**Required modules used:** M[ ] ...

### 1. Investment vs. Speculation
- Classification:
- Reason:
- Boundary conditions:
- Citation:

### 2. Graham Tests Applied
- Defensive checklist result, margin of safety, market fluctuation diagnosis, allocation policy, or product review as routed.

### 3. Verdict
- Graham result: qualifies / watchlist / avoid / speculative only / hold / reduce / needs data
- Action discipline:
- Missing data:

### 4. Citations
- Closest Graham principle and quote link for each major conclusion.

Subskill Status

Do Not

• Do not forecast the market or interest rates as the basis for a recommendation.
• Do not call an action "investment" unless analysis, principal safety, and adequate return have all been addressed.
• Do not excuse overpayment because the company is excellent, popular, or fast growing.
• Do not average a failed defensive checklist into a soft "mostly passes" verdict.
• Do not recommend leverage, all-in allocations, or panic selling under Graham's name.
• Do not provide personalized regulated financial advice; frame outputs as educational decision support.